When laying 11kV cables, specific depth and separation requirements are essential to prevent damage and ensure safety. For direct burial, the minimum depth from the ground surface to the top of the cable should typically be at least 700mm to 1000mm, depending on local regulations and the specific application (e.g., crossing roads). To protect the cable, a layer of fine soil or sand should be laid at the bottom and top of the cable, and a protective layer of concrete or bricks should be placed above it. Clearances from other services like water, gas, or telecommunication lines are also specified to prevent interference and damage.